LTL trucking (Less Than Truckload) is the most cost-effective way to ship palletized freight from the USA to Canada. Instead of paying for an entire truck, you share space with other shippers—cutting costs while still accessing reliable cross-border delivery solutions.
Quick Navigation: Benefits of LTL • Customs & Documentation • Role of Freight Brokers • Freight vs. HS Classification • What Determines LTL Rates • Non-Resident Importer • FAQ
Streamline Your Cross-Border Freight with LTL Shipping
With LTL shipping, your pallets are consolidated with other shipments to maximize truck capacity. This improves efficiency and reduces per-unit transport costs. LTL also gives you access to a nationwide carrier network—including large fleets, regional specialists, and independent truckers.
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Customs & Documentation for USA–Canada LTL Shipping
To clear freight across the border, you’ll need:
- Bill of Lading (BOL): Carrier-issued legal document confirming shipment details.
- Commercial Invoice: Used for customs entry.
- Certificate of Origin: Required for USMCA/CUSMA duty-free benefits.
- Customs Broker: Facilitates clearance with the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA).
The Role of Freight Brokers
Most trucking companies also act as brokers, blending their own capacity with others. Freight brokers provide market visibility, negotiate rates, and ensure compliance—making them especially valuable for cross-border LTL shipments.
Freight Classification vs. HS Codes
- Freight Class (NMFC): US system based on density, handling, and liability. Lower class = lower rates.
- HS Codes: Required for international customs. See HS Codes for cross-border shipments.
Starting 2025, the Standardized Density Scale will simplify freight classification—making it easier for shippers to calculate rates accurately.
What Determines LTL Freight Rates?
LTL pricing is influenced by:
- Weight & Dimensions: Rates per hundredweight decrease with heavier loads.
- Stackability: Stackable pallets qualify for discounts.
- Distance & Route: Longer routes cost more, but high-traffic lanes may offer discounts.
- Freight Class & Density: Denser freight = lower class = lower rates.
- Oversize/Overweight Surcharges: Apply when exceeding carrier limits.
Non-Resident Importer (NRI) Program
US companies can register as a Non-Resident Importer (NRI) to act as the Importer of Record. This reduces friction for Canadian buyers and allows bulk clearance with domestic distribution. Learn more: Valuation for Non-Resident Importers.
FAQ: LTL Shipping USA → Canada
What is the cheapest way to ship pallets to Canada?
LTL trucking is often cheapest for 1–6 pallets. For smaller shipments, consider ground parcel carriers; for urgent freight, economy air with customs entry included.
Do I need a customs broker for LTL shipping?
Technically, the importer can clear the goods themself. However, in practice, using a licensed customs broker is the best option. Doing so ensures proper documentation and smooth clearance across the border.
How are LTL rates calculated?
By weight, size, density, distance, and freight class. Stackable, dense freight in high-traffic lanes usually costs less. Sometimes, it can be cheaper to reduce the size and ship more pieces in order to avoid oversize charges.
What documents are required?
Bill of Lading, commercial invoice, and—if applicable—certificate of origin for duty-free entry under USMCA.
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Get an LTL Shipping QuoteLast updated: September 20, 2025
