Canada’s newest and biggest free-trade headlines (like CUSMA/USMCA) can overshadow other high-value agreements—most notably Canada’s FTA with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). This guide explains who EFTA is, how origin works, how to claim duty-free status, and what shipping costs to expect.
Part 1 — EFTA at a glance
Iceland Liechtenstein Norway Switzerland
The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) is an intergovernmental organization of the “non-EU” European countries above. It supports free trade among members and with partner countries—including Canada. Goods of Canadian origin shipped to EFTA countries, and goods of EFTA origin shipped to Canada, may qualify for preferential tariffs (often duty-free) under the Canada–EFTA Free Trade Agreement.
Scope note: The Canada–EFTA FTA focuses primarily on trade in goods. Most industrial goods can qualify for duty-free treatment; certain agricultural and fisheries items may have exclusions.
Part 2 — Rules of origin & proof of origin (Canada–EFTA)
Rules of origin determine if a product “originates” in Canada or an EFTA country and therefore qualifies for preferential treatment. Two core ideas:
- Substantial transformation (general rule): The product must undergo a qualifying transformation in Canada or an EFTA member to become originating.
- Product-specific rules (PSRs): Some categories (e.g., textiles, autos, processed foods) have specific tariff shifts, regional value content, or process requirements.
Always verify with your importer/consignee and relevant authorities before shipping.
Low-value shipments: simplified claiming to Canada
Canadian importers can more easily claim duty-free benefits for qualifying EFTA-origin goods when the value for duty does not exceed CAD 3,300. Although proof of origin can be waived below this threshold, importers must still keep records (e.g., commercial invoice, accounting documents) and may need to substantiate origin if requested.
Practical checklist to claim preference
- Confirm HS code and check the product-specific rule of origin.
- Verify materials, processing, and value content meet the rule.
- Ensure your commercial invoice clearly references the FTA preference claim (and any required origin statement if applicable).
- Keep records: supplier declarations, BOMs, production records, transport docs.
Tip: Jet Worldwide supports European–Canadian logistics and can help coordinate shipments without locking you into a single carrier or process.
Part 3 — Shipping options between EFTA and Canada
- Air freight: Fastest for time-sensitive B2B freight; economy air helps manage cost.
- Ocean freight: Best for large commercial orders and lower cost per kg.
- Postal networks: Practical for individuals and very small parcels.
- Integrators (DHL/UPS/FedEx): Reliable express air with simple tracking and automation.
Cost components & example ranges
Actual charges vary by lane, season, fuel, and service level. Use this table to forecast and compare quotes.
Most industrial goods can be duty-free when they meet Canada–EFTA rules of origin. Jet Worldwide sees strong demand on Canada⇄Norway and Canada⇄Switzerland lanes. Get a quote with weight, dimensions, item description, value, and addresses.
Recap — Key points from the original article
- Canada–EFTA focuses on goods rather than services.
- Origin can be shown through substantial transformation or PSRs.
- Low-value shipments (≤ CAD 3,300) have simplified origin proof requirements, but record-keeping remains mandatory.
- Best transport modes vary by speed, size, and budget (air, ocean, postal, integrators).
Canada–EFTA Free Trade: Frequently Asked Questions
Who is EFTA and which countries are included?
EFTA includes Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland—non-EU members that operate a free-trade area and negotiate FTAs with partners such as Canada.
Do all products ship duty-free under Canada–EFTA?
No. Many industrial goods qualify for 0% duty if they meet the rules of origin. Some agricultural and fisheries products have exclusions or quotas.
What is the low-value threshold for simplified origin proof into Canada?
Imports with a value for duty not exceeding CAD 3,300 may have proof-of-origin requirements waived, but importers must still retain supporting records.
What documents help substantiate origin?
Commercial invoice with preference claim, supplier declarations, bill of materials, production/processing records, and transport documents.
What cost items should I expect beyond freight?
Fuel surcharges, brokerage, disbursement fees, GST/HST, remote area surcharges, and potential storage/demurrage.
